Assessment of the neurodevelopment of premature infants with extremely low and very low birth weight at 5 years of age
AbstractBirth and survival rates of very preterm infants with extremely low birth weight (ELBW), and very low birth weight (VLBW) are increasing all over the world. Premature babies are a risk group for neurodevelopmental disorders. This fact determines the necessity for dynamic monitoring in the time frame for the detection and correction of neurological deficits.
Purpose. Evaluation of indicators of the neurodevelopment of premature babies with birth weight less than 1500 grams at the 5 years of corrected age.
Material and methods. A prospective assessment of neurodevelopment indicators was researched in a group of 35 patients born at a gestational age of less than 32 weeks, and weighing less than 1500 grams. Patients were followed up by a neurologist at corrected ages (CA) of 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. Griffiths’s mental development scale was used at 24 months of corrected age. The second version of Denver’s test was performed at 36, 48, and 60 months of the corrected age.
Results. At 12 months, neurodevelopment according to the Griffiths scale corresponded to the age norm in 12 (34.2%) children but at 24 months of age – in 21 (60%) patients.
The developmental delay was recognized by the Denver test at 36 months in the group of 12 (34.2%) children, 6 (17.1%) children – with questionable development, and 17 (48.7%) children – with normal development.
To the time of 48 months of the corrected age, the developmental delay was diagnosed in 10 (28.6%) patients, and questionable development in 6 (17.1%) patients. According to the results of Denver’s test, it was found that at 5 years of the corrected age in 23 (65.7%) patients the development corresponded to the age norm, and in 12 (34.3%) patients neurodevelopmental disorders were diagnosed.
Conclusion. Premature babies with ELBW and VLBW constitute a high-risk group for the formation of various neurodevelopmental disorders, the prevalence there is 34.3%. The data obtained in our study showed the importance of testing the cognitive functions of premature babies using the Denver test for the timely detection of developmental disorders.
Keywords:premature babies; extremely low birth weight; very low birth weight; delayed motor and psycho-speech development; Denver test (version 2); neurological outcomes in premature babies; autism spectrum disorders
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Funding. The research was carried within the framework of the State Task: “Predictors and dynamics of neurological disorders in small premature infants with extremely low and very low birth weight”.
Contribution. The concept and design of the study, analysis and review of the results – Suvorov I.A., Suvorova D.Yu., Ushakova L.V., Degtyarev D.N., Degtyareva A.V., Albegova M.B.; collection and processing of material – Suvorov I.A., Suvorova D.Yu., Ushakova L.V., Kirtbaya A.R., Filippova E.A., Dzhukkaeva M.M.; text writing – Suvorov I.A., Suvorova D.Yu., Degtyareva A.V., Degtyarev D.N.; editing – Degtyarev D.N., Degtyareva A.V.
For citation: Suvorov I.A., Suvorova D.I., Ushakova L.V., Degtyareva A.V., Degtyarev D.N., Albegova M.B., Kirtbaya А.R., Filippova E.A., Dzhukkaeva M.M. Assessment of the neurodevelopment of premature infants with extremely low and very low birth weight at 5 years of age. Neonatologiya: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Neonatology: News, Opinions, Training]. 2022; 10 (3): 16–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2308-2402-2022-10-3-16-25 (in Russian)
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