Medical and social losses of years due to maternal and perinatal mortality in the industrial region of Kazakhstan

• Dina Kh. Rybalkina
• Nailya K. Dyussembaeva
• Elena A. Drobchenko
• Dana Е. Kurmangaleeva

Abstract

Maternal and perinatal mortality rates are of the sensitive indicators can characterize the effectiveness of health systems in different time periods. The modern data do not allow us to see the impact of COVID-19 on maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide. The long-term effects of COVID-19 on maternal and newborn health, especially the effects of prolonged COVID and post-covid disorders, require further assessment, respectively. Air pollution can also negatively impact pregnancy, increasing the risk of complications and adverse outcomes for mother and baby.

The aim of the study was to analyze the epidemiological indicators of loss due to maternal and perinatal mortality for the period 2016–2022 with an assessment of environmental factors for the industrial region of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Material and methods. The analysis of epidemiological data due to the loss of years as a result of maternal and perinatal mortality for 2016–2022 was carried out with an assessment of dynamic changes during the pandemic and the post-covid period in a large industrial region of Kazakhstan (Pavlodar region).

Results. The increase in the loss of years due to maternal and perinatal mortality rates occurred during the pandemic period. Infectious complications prevailed in the structure of maternal mortality (40.0% viral, postpartum sepsis). The structure of prenatal mortality was dominated by hemorrhages (32.03%) and mortality due to congenital abnormalities of the cardiovascular system (47.5%). The causal pattern of pregnancy complications and atmospheric air pollution with suspended solids, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, ground-level ozone, hydrogen sulfide, phenol, ammonia and the atmosphere pollution index has been established.

Conclusions. There has been an increase in loss of years due to maternal and perinatal mortality during the pandemic. The interrelation of pregnancy complications with air pollution has been established.

Keywords: maternal mortality; mortality in the perinatal period; medical and social loss of years; post-pregnancy period; environmental factors

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